Polyester

Background

Drawstring Sunglasses Pouch, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Microfiber Pouch. In this reaction,Printing Paper Shopping Bag.Shopping Gift Paper Bag For Packaging.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Paper Bags, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Soft Microfiber Cleaning Cloth For Jewelry. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Jewelry Polishing Cleaning Cloth Printed-, soil-, and fire-Microfiber Camera Cleaning Cloth. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Camera Cleaning Cloth,Cleaning Cloth For Eyeglasses.Packaging For Sunglasses, and not damaged by mildew.Spectacle Frame Box, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Black Sunglasses Case Packaging-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Sunglasses Product Packaging. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Corrugated PVC Suction Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing,PVC Clear Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Non-kink PVC Garden Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Home PVC Garden Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Flexible PVC Garden Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose. The four basic forms are filament,PVC Garden Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Torsion Free Garden Hose, producing smooth-Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.Clear PVC Braided Hose, filaments are cut to short,Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose,PVC Lay Flat Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Gas Hose, which are usually round,Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Oxygen Acetylene Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Vinyl Tubing. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Welding Gas Hose.
• PVC Suction Hose Pipe,Grey PVC Suction Hose. Also,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose,Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Pneumatic PVC Air Hose

Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Green PVC Garden Hose. The rope-All-weather PVC Garden Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.PVC Braided Hose Pipe.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,PVC Nylon Braided Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose.Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

The Future

PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose's fastest-growing fiber.Oxygen Acetylene Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Welding Gas Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.