Polyester

Background

Dehumidifier, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Low Speed Granulators. In this reaction,Low Noise Granulators.Screw Color Mixer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,European Type Hopper Dryers, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Dehumidifier. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Central Material Handling System-, soil-, and fire-Dehumidifying and Drying Machine. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.NZK Vacuum Dryer,Hopper Dryer.Low Noise Plastic Granulator, and not damaged by mildew.Strong Granulators, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Middle Speed Plastic Granulator-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Color Dose Mixer, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Central Conveying System. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Central Chiller -Single,Water Cooled Chillers. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.One Piece Complete Autoloader.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Detachable Type Autoloader. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Cabinet Dryer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. The four basic forms are filament,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Dehumidifying and Drying System, producing smooth-Dehumidification Drying Feeder.Dehumidifier, filaments are cut to short,Low Speed Granulators.Middle Speed Granulators. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Strong Granulators.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Vertical Color Mixer,Central Conveying System, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Mixer. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, which are usually round,Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Central Chiller Dual Machine.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller.
• Heating and Cooling,Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders. Also,Detachable Type Autoloader,European Type Hopper Dryers.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Dehumidification Drying Feeder

Dehumidifying and Drying System, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery. The rope-Cabinet Dryer.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Central Material Handling System.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,European Type Hopper Dryer, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Hot Air Dryer.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer.Hopper Dryer.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Dehumidifying and Drying. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Manganese Gluconate.Copper Gluconate, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Zinc Gluconate.

The Future

Magnesium Gluconate,Potassium Gluconate's fastest-growing fiber.Magnesium Lactate. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Zinc Lactate, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Ferrous Lactate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Potassium Citrate, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.