Polyester

Background

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Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Led Grow Light, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Aluminum Bar. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Aluminum Tubes-, soil-, and fire-Extruded Aluminium Tube. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Extruded Aluminium Tube,Aluminum tube.Harmonica Tube, and not damaged by mildew.Aluminium High Frequency Welded Tube, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,High frequency welded pipe-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Aluminum Radiator Tubes. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Harmonica Tube, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Intercooler tubes. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.aluminum fin,Heat Exchanger Tubes. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Aluminum Round Tubes, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Aluminum Condenser Tubes.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Aluminum Radiator Tubes. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Aluminum Tubes.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Aluminum Sheet plate. The four basic forms are filament,Thin Aluminum Strip, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Aluminum fin, producing smooth-Aluminum Raw Material.Automatic Core Assembly Machine, filaments are cut to short,Core Assembly Machine.Pipe Making Machine. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Tube Making Machine.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Radiator Tube Making Machine,Tube Machine, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Tube Cutting Machine. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Condenser Leak Test Machine, which are usually round,Automatic Leak Testing Machine. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Leak Test Machine.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Vacuum Brazing Furnace. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Aluminum Brazing Furnace.
• Heat Treatment Furnace Brazing,Roller Fin Machines. Also,Fin Stamping Machine,High Speed Fin Machine.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Fin Punching Press

Tube and Fin Aluminum Intercooler, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Aluminum Intercooler Core. The rope-Aluminum Bar and Plate Intercooler.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Turbo Intercooler.Radiators with Plastic Tank.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Automotive Radiator, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).All Aluminum Radiator.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Cooling System.Cladded Aluminum Radiator Tube.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Aluminum Welded Tube. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Radiator aluminum flat tube.Aluminum radiator tube, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Aluminum intercooler rectangular tube.

The Future

Intercooler rectangular tube,Composite Aluminium Tube's fastest-growing fiber.Harmonica Intercooler Tube. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Aluminium Multi channel Tube, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Extruded Radiator Tubes. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Extruded Aluminium Tube, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.