Polyester

Background

So-cold Temp Medical Freezer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. In this reaction,Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer.Temperature Controlled Shakers.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator -, soil-, and fire-Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Display Medical Refrigerator,Display Vaccine Refrigerator .Big Vaccine Refrigerator , and not damaged by mildew.Vaccine Refrigerator, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge -based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Glass Door Display Fridge . This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Big Display Fridge , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Display Blood Bank Refrigerator ,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator . Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Medical Refrigerator, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Hit Anchor.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Shield Anchor. The four basic forms are filament,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook, producing smooth-Hollow Wall Anchor.Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail, filaments are cut to short,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Coupling Nut,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, which are usually round,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Drop in Anchor. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.
• Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor. Also,Chemical Anchor,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins

Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut. The rope-Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Protective Horse Rubber Boots.Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,High Neck Bell Boots For Horse, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Horse Rubber Bell Boots.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Horse Rubber Parts.Custom Rubber Gaskets.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Rubber Dust Cover. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Gear Shift Lever Boot.Auto Rubber Engine Mounting, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting.

The Future

Automotive Rubber Bushings,Stabilizer Rubber Bushing's fastest-growing fiber.Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Rubber Bushing, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Automotive Rubber Parts. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Silicone Rubber Rollers, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.