Polyester

Background

Low Speed Granulators, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Middle Speed Granulators. In this reaction,Strong Granulators.Vertical Color Mixer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Central Conveying System, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Mixer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based-, soil-, and fire-Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Central Chiller Dual Machine,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine.TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller, and not damaged by mildew.Heating and Cooling, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Detachable Type Autoloader. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,European Type Hopper Dryers, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Dehumidification Drying Feeder. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Dehumidifying and Drying System,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Cabinet Dryer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Central Material Handling System.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,European Type Hopper Dryer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Hot Air Dryer. The four basic forms are filament,HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Hopper Dryer, producing smooth-Dehumidifying and Drying.Manganese Gluconate, filaments are cut to short,Copper Gluconate.Zinc Gluconate. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Magnesium Gluconate.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Potassium Gluconate,Magnesium Lactate, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Zinc Lactate. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Ferrous Lactate, which are usually round,Potassium Citrate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Calcium Citrate.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Ferric Sulphate. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Magnesium Chloride.
• Calcium Chloride,Magnesium Carbonate. Also,Minerals,Freshener Blends.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Solidification Stabilizer Blends

Defoamer Blends, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Bleaching Agent Blends. The rope-Emulsifers Blends.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Acidity Regulator Blends.Preservatives Blends.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Antioxidants Blends, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Curing Agent For Meat.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product.Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Leavening Agent Blends. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Water Holding Agent Blends.Emulsifying Thickners Blends, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Thickners Blends.

The Future

Baking Powder For Deep-fried Dough Sticks,Baking Powder For Noodles's fastest-growing fiber.Vegetarian Meat Meal. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Fat Replacement Powder, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Carrageenan For Tumbling And Marinated. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Aluminium Phosphate, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.