Polyester

Background

Paper Bags, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Soft Microfiber Cleaning Cloth For Jewelry. In this reaction,Jewelry Polishing Cleaning Cloth Printed.Microfiber Camera Cleaning Cloth.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Camera Cleaning Cloth, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Cleaning Cloth For Eyeglasses. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Packaging For Sunglasses-, soil-, and fire-Spectacle Frame Box. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Black Sunglasses Case Packaging,Sunglasses Product Packaging.Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames, and not damaged by mildew.Corrugated PVC Suction Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.PVC Clear Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Non-kink PVC Garden Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Home PVC Garden Hose,Flexible PVC Garden Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.PVC Garden Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Torsion Free Garden Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Clear PVC Braided Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, producing smooth-Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, filaments are cut to short,PVC Lay Flat Hose.Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Gas Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Vinyl Tubing. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Welding Gas Hose, which are usually round,PVC Suction Hose Pipe. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Grey PVC Suction Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose.
• Pneumatic PVC Air Hose,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose. Also,Green PVC Garden Hose,All-weather PVC Garden Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Reinforced Braided PVC Hose

PVC Braided Hose Pipe, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,PVC Nylon Braided Hose. The rope-PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose.Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose.Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.Oxygen Acetylene Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing.

The Future

Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing,Welding Gas Hose's fastest-growing fiber.Grey PVC Suction Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Green PVC Suction Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.