Polyester

Background

Low Noise Plastic Granulator, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Mid Speed Granulator. In this reaction,Middle Speed Plastic Granulator.Low Speed Granulators.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Screw Color Mixer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Color Dose Mixer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Central Chiller - Dual Machine-, soil-, and fire-Central Chiller -Single. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Hot Water Temperature Control Modules,Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.Mold Temperature Controller -Water Based, and not damaged by mildew.Mold Temperature Controller - Oil Based, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,One Piece Complete Autoloader-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Detachable Type Autoloader. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Cabinet Dryer, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Dehumidification Drying Feeder,Dehumidifier. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Low Speed Granulators, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Low Noise Granulators.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Screw Color Mixer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,European Type Hopper Dryers.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Dehumidifier. The four basic forms are filament,Central Material Handling System, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, producing smooth-NZK Vacuum Dryer.Hopper Dryer, filaments are cut to short,Low Noise Plastic Granulator.Strong Granulators. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Middle Speed Plastic Granulator.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit,Color Dose Mixer, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Central Conveying System. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Central Chiller -Single, which are usually round,Water Cooled Chillers. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,One Piece Complete Autoloader. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Detachable Type Autoloader.
• Cabinet Dryer,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. Also,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine,Dehumidifying and Drying System.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Dehumidification Drying Feeder

Dehumidifier, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Low Speed Granulators. The rope-Middle Speed Granulators.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Strong Granulators.Vertical Color Mixer.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Central Conveying System, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Mixer.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Central Chiller Dual Machine. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine.TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Heating and Cooling.

The Future

Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders,Detachable Type Autoloader's fastest-growing fiber.European Type Hopper Dryers. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Dehumidification Drying Feeder, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Dehumidifying and Drying System. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.