Polyester

Background

Display Vaccine Refrigerator , air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Big Vaccine Refrigerator . In this reaction,Vaccine Refrigerator.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge .

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Glass Door Display Fridge , computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Big Display Fridge . It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator -, soil-, and fire-Display Blood Bank Refrigerator . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Big Blood Bank Refrigerator ,Medical Refrigerator.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut, and not damaged by mildew.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Hit Anchor-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Shield Anchor. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Hollow Wall Anchor,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Coupling Nut.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling. The four basic forms are filament,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, producing smooth-Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling, filaments are cut to short,Drop in Anchor.Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor,Chemical Anchor, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins, which are usually round,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Protective Horse Rubber Boots.
• Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots,High Neck Bell Boots For Horse. Also,Horse Rubber Bell Boots,Horse Rubber Parts.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Custom Rubber Gaskets

Rubber Dust Cover, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Gear Shift Lever Boot. The rope-Auto Rubber Engine Mounting.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting.Automotive Rubber Bushings.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Stabilizer Rubber Bushing, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Rubber Bushing.Automotive Rubber Parts.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Silicone Rubber Rollers. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Rubber Coated Rollers.Non-Slip Rubber Feet, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Anti Abrasion Rubber Bumpers.

The Future

Rubber Bumpers,Square Rubber Grommets's fastest-growing fiber.Custom Molded Rubber Parts. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Compression Molding Custom Rubber Parts, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Extrusion Molding Custom Rubber Parts. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Custom Neoprene Rubber Products, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.