Polyester

Background

Cold Medical Freezer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer . In this reaction,Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer.Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,So-cold Temp Medical Freezer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer-, soil-, and fire-Temperature Controlled Shakers. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator,Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , and not damaged by mildew.Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Display Medical Refrigerator-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Display Vaccine Refrigerator . This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Big Vaccine Refrigerator , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Vaccine Refrigerator. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge ,Glass Door Display Fridge . Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Big Display Fridge , though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator .

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Display Blood Bank Refrigerator . In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator .

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Medical Refrigerator. The four basic forms are filament,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer, producing smooth-Hit Anchor.Shield Anchor, filaments are cut to short,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Hollow Wall Anchor.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes, which are usually round,Coupling Nut. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.
• Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling. Also,Drop in Anchor,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor

Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Chemical Anchor. The rope-Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Protective Horse Rubber Boots.Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,High Neck Bell Boots For Horse. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Horse Rubber Bell Boots.Horse Rubber Parts, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Custom Rubber Gaskets.

The Future

Rubber Dust Cover,Gear Shift Lever Boot's fastest-growing fiber.Auto Rubber Engine Mounting. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Automotive Rubber Bushings. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Stabilizer Rubber Bushing, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.