Polyester

Background

Home PVC Garden Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Flexible PVC Garden Hose. In this reaction,Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose.PVC Garden Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Torsion Free Garden Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Clear PVC Braided Hose-, soil-, and fire-Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose,Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, and not damaged by mildew.PVC Lay Flat Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Gas Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Oxygen Acetylene Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Vinyl Tubing,Welding Gas Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.PVC Suction Hose Pipe, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Grey PVC Suction Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Pneumatic PVC Air Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Green PVC Garden Hose, producing smooth-All-weather PVC Garden Hose.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, filaments are cut to short,PVC Braided Hose Pipe.PVC Nylon Braided Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose, which are usually round,General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Blue PVC Layflat Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.
• Oxygen Acetylene Hose,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing. Also,Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing,Welding Gas Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Grey PVC Suction Hose

Green PVC Suction Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose. The rope-Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-PVC Suction Hose.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).PVC Thunder Hose Pipe.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)PVC Spring Hose.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

The Future

PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose's fastest-growing fiber.PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Sunny Layflat Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,C19400. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.nickel silver alloy, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.