Polyester

Background

General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. In this reaction,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose.Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing-, soil-, and fire-Welding Gas Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Grey PVC Suction Hose,Green PVC Suction Hose.Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,PVC Suction Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.PVC Spring Hose,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose, producing smooth-Sunny Layflat Hose.C19400, filaments are cut to short,nickel silver alloy.silver points. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Steel rivets.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Aluminum rivets,copper rivets, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,AgCdO Bimetal rivet. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.AgCdO contact, which are usually round,CNC Parts. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,CuBe2 Beryllium Copper. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip.
• C17200 Beryllium Copper,Beryllium Copper. Also,CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip,C51900 Bronze Strip.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

C51000 Bronze Strip

CuSn5 Phosphor Bronze Strip, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,C5100 Bronze Strip. The rope-C28000 Brass Strip.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-H63 Brass Strip Coil.C27000 CuZn35 Brass.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,H65 Brass Strip Coil, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).C26000 CuZn30 Brass Strip.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)H80 Brass Strip Coil.C22000 CuZn10 Brass Strip.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,C22000 Brass Strip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Brass Strip.C75200 Copper Nickel Zinc Strip, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)C7701 C7521 Nickel Silver Strip.

The Future

Copper Nickel Zinc,Nickel Silver Strip's fastest-growing fiber.Nickel Plated Copper Strip. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,PCB Copper, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Copper Clad. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Silver Onlay Brass Strip, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.