Polyester

Background

Super Mini Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Promotional Manual Open Golf Umbrella. In this reaction,Manual Open Golf Umbrella.Polyester Fabric Animal Children Umbrella.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,POE Animal Children Umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Fiberglass Long Automatic Children Umbrella. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;POE Long Automatic Children Umbrella-, soil-, and fire-EVA Print Children Umbrella. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Manual Open Adult Wooden Stick Umbrella,Rainbow Adult Stick Automatic Umbrella.Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella, and not damaged by mildew.Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Folding Manual Open Umbrella, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Folding Umbrella,Natural Cork Composition Sheets. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Black Windmill Wall Hook.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks. The four basic forms are filament,Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Quartz Decorative Wall Clock, producing smooth-Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock.12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock, filaments are cut to short,Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts.Fall-wood and Metal Crafts. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Bird House Spring Wood Planter.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror,Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Vintage Look Cabinet, which are usually round,Cabinet with 6 Drawers. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Furniture.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Metal Planter Tray With Handles. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor.
• Metal Planter,Rectangular MDF Wood Planter. Also,Square Mdf Wood Planter,Geometric Wood Planter.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter

Graphite PTFE Yarn, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn. The rope-PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-ASME Spiral Wound Gasket.glass-to-glass.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket.Kynol Fiber Packing.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,graphite gasket. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite.Carbonized Fiber Packing, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)graphite gasket.

The Future

teflon ring gasket,Corrugated Graphite Tapes's fastest-growing fiber.Braided Graphite Tube. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,PTFE Joint Sealant, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Joint Sealant Flange Gasket. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Expanded PTFE Products, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.