Polyester

Background

Folding Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Natural Cork Composition Sheets. In this reaction,Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets.Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Black Windmill Wall Hook. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks-, soil-, and fire-Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Quartz Decorative Wall Clock,Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock.12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock, and not damaged by mildew.Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Fall-wood and Metal Crafts-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Bird House Spring Wood Planter. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers,Vintage Look Cabinet. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Cabinet with 6 Drawers, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Furniture.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Metal Planter Tray With Handles. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Metal Planter. The four basic forms are filament,Rectangular MDF Wood Planter, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Square Mdf Wood Planter, producing smooth-Geometric Wood Planter.Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter, filaments are cut to short,Graphite PTFE Yarn.Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-ASME Spiral Wound Gasket,glass-to-glass, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets, which are usually round,Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Kynol Fiber Packing.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,graphite gasket. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite.
• Carbonized Fiber Packing,graphite gasket. Also,teflon ring gasket,Corrugated Graphite Tapes.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Braided Graphite Tube

PTFE Joint Sealant, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Joint Sealant Flange Gasket. The rope-Expanded PTFE Products.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-eptfe.ptfe joint sealant tape.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Graphite Packing With PTFE Impregnated, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Corrugated Graphite Tapes.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)CGFO Packing.Kynol Fiber Packing.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Standard Spiral Wound Gasket. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets.Spiral Wound Gaskets, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)CGFO Packing.

The Future

Graphite Die Formed Rings,Graphite Die-formed Rings's fastest-growing fiber.Graphite Fiber Braided Gland Packing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Graphite PTFE Filament Packing, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Expanded PTFE Spiral Wound Gasket Filler Material. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.PTFE Yarn, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.