Polyester

Background

Mini Self Alarm Tag, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Self Alarm Scream Tag. In this reaction,Mini Wine Tag With Strap.AM Jewelry Security Hang Tag Label.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Customized Label, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Narrow AM Anti Theft Label Barcode. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Slim AM Anti Theft Label Multiple Colors-, soil-, and fire-AM Anti Theft Label. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.AM Soft Labels,Big Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerator.Laboratory Tube Freezer, and not damaged by mildew.Small Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerator, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Upright Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerator-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Mini Chest Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerator. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Chest Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerators, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,4 Degree Display Laboratory Refrigerator. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Laboratory Refrigerator,Deep Cryogenic Car Freezer. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Deep Low Temp Car Freezer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Portable Low Temp Car Freezer.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Low Temp Car Freezer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Car Freezer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer . The four basic forms are filament,Small Deep Low Temperature Freezer , tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer , producing smooth-Ultra Low Cryogenic Freezer .Ultra Deep Cold Temperature Freezer , filaments are cut to short,Cold Medical Freezer.Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer . Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator,So-cold Temp Medical Freezer, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, which are usually round,Temperature Controlled Shakers. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .
• Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator ,Display Medical Refrigerator. Also,Display Vaccine Refrigerator ,Big Vaccine Refrigerator .

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

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Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge , polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Glass Door Display Fridge . The rope-Big Display Fridge .

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator .Display Blood Bank Refrigerator .

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator , at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Medical Refrigerator.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Hit Anchor. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Shield Anchor.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook.

The Future

Hollow Wall Anchor,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail's fastest-growing fiber.Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Coupling Nut, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.