Polyester

Background

PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. In this reaction,PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose.Sunny Layflat Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,C19400, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.nickel silver alloy. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;silver points-, soil-, and fire-Steel rivets. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Aluminum rivets,copper rivets.AgCdO Bimetal rivet, and not damaged by mildew.AgCdO contact, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,CNC Parts-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,CuBe2 Beryllium Copper, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.C17200 Beryllium Copper,Beryllium Copper. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.C51900 Bronze Strip.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,C51000 Bronze Strip. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,CuSn5 Phosphor Bronze Strip.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.C5100 Bronze Strip. The four basic forms are filament,C28000 Brass Strip, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,H63 Brass Strip Coil, producing smooth-C27000 CuZn35 Brass.H65 Brass Strip Coil, filaments are cut to short,C26000 CuZn30 Brass Strip.H80 Brass Strip Coil. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.C22000 CuZn10 Brass Strip.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-C22000 Brass Strip,Brass Strip, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,C75200 Copper Nickel Zinc Strip. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.C7701 C7521 Nickel Silver Strip, which are usually round,Copper Nickel Zinc. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Nickel Silver Strip.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Nickel Plated Copper Strip. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,PCB Copper.
• Copper Clad,Silver Onlay Brass Strip. Also,Silver Onlay,Silver Clad Copper Strip.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Silver Clad

Semi Tubular Brass Rivet, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Brass Tubular Rivet. The rope-Solid Brass Rivet.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Solid Copper Rivets.Copper Rivet.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Silver Contact Points, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Electrical Contact Rivets.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Silver Tungsten Electrical Contact.Moving Contact Rivets.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Cervical Secretion IGFBP-1 PROM Test Strip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Cervical Secretion IGFBP-1 PROM Test.IGFBP-1 PROM Test, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Urine FSH Menopause Test Device.

The Future

LH Ovulation Test,Serum HCG Pregnancy Test's fastest-growing fiber.Urine hCG Pregnancy Test Strip. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Clip Cap, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Cotton Tip Applicators. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Capsicum Plaster, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.