Polyester

Background

Deep Cryogenic Car Freezer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Deep Low Temp Car Freezer. In this reaction,Portable Low Temp Car Freezer.Low Temp Car Freezer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Car Freezer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer . It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Small Deep Low Temperature Freezer -, soil-, and fire-Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Ultra Low Cryogenic Freezer ,Ultra Deep Cold Temperature Freezer .Cold Medical Freezer, and not damaged by mildew.Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,So-cold Temp Medical Freezer, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer,Temperature Controlled Shakers. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Display Medical Refrigerator. The four basic forms are filament,Display Vaccine Refrigerator , tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Big Vaccine Refrigerator , producing smooth-Vaccine Refrigerator.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge , filaments are cut to short,Glass Door Display Fridge .Big Display Fridge . Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator .

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Display Blood Bank Refrigerator ,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator , is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Medical Refrigerator. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut, which are usually round,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Hit Anchor.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Shield Anchor. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor.
• Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook,Hollow Wall Anchor. Also,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut

Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Coupling Nut. The rope-Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Drop in Anchor.Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor.Chemical Anchor, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer.

The Future

Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook's fastest-growing fiber.Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Protective Horse Rubber Boots. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.