Polyester

Background

POE Animal Children Kids Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Long Clear POE Rain Umbrella. In this reaction,POE Rain Umbrella.Portable Pocket Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Cartoon Printing Super Mini 3 section Rain Umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Black Compact Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Super Mini Umbrella-, soil-, and fire-Promotional Manual Open Golf Umbrella. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Manual Open Golf Umbrella,Polyester Fabric Animal Children Umbrella.POE Animal Children Umbrella, and not damaged by mildew.Fiberglass Long Automatic Children Umbrella, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,POE Long Automatic Children Umbrella-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.EVA Print Children Umbrella. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Manual Open Adult Wooden Stick Umbrella, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Rainbow Adult Stick Automatic Umbrella. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella,Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Folding Manual Open Umbrella. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Folding Umbrella. The four basic forms are filament,Natural Cork Composition Sheets, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets, producing smooth-Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks.Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock, filaments are cut to short,Black Windmill Wall Hook.Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Quartz Decorative Wall Clock,Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts, which are usually round,Fall-wood and Metal Crafts. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Bird House Spring Wood Planter.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook.
• Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers,Vintage Look Cabinet. Also,Cabinet with 6 Drawers,Furniture.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Metal Planter Tray With Handles

Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Metal Planter. The rope-Rectangular MDF Wood Planter.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Square Mdf Wood Planter.Geometric Wood Planter.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Graphite PTFE Yarn.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn.PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,ASME Spiral Wound Gasket. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)glass-to-glass.Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets.

The Future

Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket,Kynol Fiber Packing's fastest-growing fiber.graphite gasket. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Carbonized Fiber Packing. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.graphite gasket, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.