Polyester

Background

Gift Cloth Pouch, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Drawstring Sunglasses Pouch. In this reaction,Microfiber Pouch.Printing Paper Shopping Bag.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Shopping Gift Paper Bag For Packaging, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Paper Bags. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Soft Microfiber Cleaning Cloth For Jewelry-, soil-, and fire-Jewelry Polishing Cleaning Cloth Printed. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Microfiber Camera Cleaning Cloth,Camera Cleaning Cloth.Cleaning Cloth For Eyeglasses, and not damaged by mildew.Packaging For Sunglasses, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Spectacle Frame Box-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Black Sunglasses Case Packaging. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Sunglasses Product Packaging, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Corrugated PVC Suction Hose,Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.PVC Clear Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Non-kink PVC Garden Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Home PVC Garden Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Flexible PVC Garden Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,PVC Garden Hose, producing smooth-Torsion Free Garden Hose.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, filaments are cut to short,Clear PVC Braided Hose.Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,PVC Lay Flat Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose, which are usually round,Gas Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Oxygen Acetylene Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Vinyl Tubing.
• Welding Gas Hose,PVC Suction Hose Pipe. Also,Grey PVC Suction Hose,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose

Pneumatic PVC Air Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose. The rope-Green PVC Garden Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-All-weather PVC Garden Hose.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,PVC Braided Hose Pipe, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).PVC Nylon Braided Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose.Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose.

The Future

Blue PVC Layflat Hose,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose's fastest-growing fiber.Lay Flat Irrigation Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.