Polyester

Background

Kids Clear And Transparent POE Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,POE Animal Children Kids Umbrella. In this reaction,Long Clear POE Rain Umbrella.POE Rain Umbrella.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Portable Pocket Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Cartoon Printing Super Mini 3 section Rain Umbrella. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Black Compact Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella-, soil-, and fire-Super Mini Umbrella. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Promotional Manual Open Golf Umbrella,Manual Open Golf Umbrella.Polyester Fabric Animal Children Umbrella, and not damaged by mildew.POE Animal Children Umbrella, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Fiberglass Long Automatic Children Umbrella-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.POE Long Automatic Children Umbrella. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,EVA Print Children Umbrella, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Manual Open Adult Wooden Stick Umbrella. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Rainbow Adult Stick Automatic Umbrella,Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Folding Manual Open Umbrella.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella. The four basic forms are filament,Folding Umbrella, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Natural Cork Composition Sheets, producing smooth-Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets.Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks, filaments are cut to short,Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock.Black Windmill Wall Hook. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook,Quartz Decorative Wall Clock, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock, which are usually round,Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Fall-wood and Metal Crafts.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Bird House Spring Wood Planter. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror.
• Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook,Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers. Also,Vintage Look Cabinet,Cabinet with 6 Drawers.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Furniture

Metal Planter Tray With Handles, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor. The rope-Metal Planter.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Rectangular MDF Wood Planter.Square Mdf Wood Planter.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Geometric Wood Planter, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Graphite PTFE Yarn.Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)ASME Spiral Wound Gasket.glass-to-glass, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets.

The Future

Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets,Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket's fastest-growing fiber.Kynol Fiber Packing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,graphite gasket, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Carbonized Fiber Packing, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.