Polyester

Background

Extruded Aluminium Tube, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Aluminum tube. In this reaction,Harmonica Tube.Aluminium High Frequency Welded Tube.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,High frequency welded pipe, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Aluminum Radiator Tubes. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Harmonica Tube-, soil-, and fire-Intercooler tubes. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.aluminum fin,Heat Exchanger Tubes.Aluminum Round Tubes, and not damaged by mildew.Aluminum Condenser Tubes, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Aluminum Radiator Tubes-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Aluminum Tubes. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Aluminum Sheet plate, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Thin Aluminum Strip. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Aluminum fin,Aluminum Raw Material. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Automatic Core Assembly Machine, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Core Assembly Machine.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Pipe Making Machine. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Tube Making Machine.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Radiator Tube Making Machine. The four basic forms are filament,Tube Machine, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Tube Cutting Machine, producing smooth-Condenser Leak Test Machine.Automatic Leak Testing Machine, filaments are cut to short,Leak Test Machine.Vacuum Brazing Furnace. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Aluminum Brazing Furnace.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Heat Treatment Furnace Brazing,Roller Fin Machines, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Fin Stamping Machine. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.High Speed Fin Machine, which are usually round,Fin Punching Press. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Tube and Fin Aluminum Intercooler.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Aluminum Intercooler Core. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Aluminum Bar and Plate Intercooler.
• Turbo Intercooler,Radiators with Plastic Tank. Also,Automotive Radiator,All Aluminum Radiator.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Cooling System

Cladded Aluminum Radiator Tube, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Aluminum Welded Tube. The rope-Radiator aluminum flat tube.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Aluminum radiator tube.Aluminum intercooler rectangular tube.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Intercooler rectangular tube, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Composite Aluminium Tube.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Harmonica Intercooler Tube.Aluminium Multi channel Tube.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Extruded Radiator Tubes. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Extruded Aluminium Tube.Aluminium High Frequency Welded Tube, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Micro Channel Condenser Tube.

The Future

Aluminium Micro channel Tube,Round Condenser Tube's fastest-growing fiber.Condenser Tube. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Intercooler Tube, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,High Frequency Oil Cooler Tube. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.aluminum fin, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.