Polyester

Background

Low Speed Granulators, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Low Noise Granulators. In this reaction,Screw Color Mixer.European Type Hopper Dryers.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Dehumidifier, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Central Material Handling System. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Dehumidifying and Drying Machine-, soil-, and fire-NZK Vacuum Dryer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Hopper Dryer,Low Noise Plastic Granulator.Strong Granulators, and not damaged by mildew.Middle Speed Plastic Granulator, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Color Dose Mixer. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Central Conveying System, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Central Chiller -Single. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Water Cooled Chillers,Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.One Piece Complete Autoloader, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Detachable Type Autoloader.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Cabinet Dryer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine. The four basic forms are filament,Dehumidifying and Drying System, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Dehumidification Drying Feeder, producing smooth-Dehumidifier.Low Speed Granulators, filaments are cut to short,Middle Speed Granulators.Strong Granulators. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Vertical Color Mixer.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Central Conveying System,Mixer, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, which are usually round,Central Chiller Dual Machine. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Heating and Cooling.
• Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders,Detachable Type Autoloader. Also,European Type Hopper Dryers,Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Dehumidifying and Drying System

Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Cabinet Dryer. The rope-Central Material Handling System.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.European Type Hopper Dryer.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Hot Air Dryer, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Hopper Dryer.Dehumidifying and Drying.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Manganese Gluconate. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Copper Gluconate.Zinc Gluconate, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Magnesium Gluconate.

The Future

Potassium Gluconate,Magnesium Lactate's fastest-growing fiber.Zinc Lactate. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Ferrous Lactate, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Potassium Citrate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Calcium Citrate, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.