Polyester

Background

Middle Speed Granulators, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Strong Granulators. In this reaction,Vertical Color Mixer.Central Conveying System.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Mixer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based-, soil-, and fire-Central Chiller Dual Machine. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine,TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller.Heating and Cooling, and not damaged by mildew.Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Detachable Type Autoloader-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.European Type Hopper Dryers. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Dehumidification Drying Feeder, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Dehumidifying and Drying System. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery,Cabinet Dryer. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Central Material Handling System, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,European Type Hopper Dryer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Hot Air Dryer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer. The four basic forms are filament,Hopper Dryer, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Dehumidifying and Drying, producing smooth-Manganese Gluconate.Copper Gluconate, filaments are cut to short,Zinc Gluconate.Magnesium Gluconate. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Potassium Gluconate.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Magnesium Lactate,Zinc Lactate, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Ferrous Lactate. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Potassium Citrate, which are usually round,Calcium Citrate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Ferric Sulphate.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Magnesium Chloride. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Calcium Chloride.
• Magnesium Carbonate,Minerals. Also,Freshener Blends,Solidification Stabilizer Blends.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Defoamer Blends

Bleaching Agent Blends, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Emulsifers Blends. The rope-Acidity Regulator Blends.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Preservatives Blends.Antioxidants Blends.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Curing Agent For Meat, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet.Leavening Agent Blends.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Water Holding Agent Blends. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Emulsifying Thickners Blends.Thickners Blends, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Baking Powder For Deep-fried Dough Sticks.

The Future

Baking Powder For Noodles,Vegetarian Meat Meal's fastest-growing fiber.Fat Replacement Powder. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Carrageenan For Tumbling And Marinated, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Aluminium Phosphate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Zinc Metaphosphate, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.