Polyester

Background

Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. In this reaction,Temperature Controlled Shakers.2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator -, soil-, and fire-Display Medical Refrigerator. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Display Vaccine Refrigerator ,Big Vaccine Refrigerator .Vaccine Refrigerator, and not damaged by mildew.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Glass Door Display Fridge -based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Big Display Fridge . This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Display Blood Bank Refrigerator . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Big Blood Bank Refrigerator ,Medical Refrigerator. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Hit Anchor. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Shield Anchor.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor. The four basic forms are filament,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Hollow Wall Anchor, producing smooth-Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail.Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin, filaments are cut to short,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut.Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Coupling Nut.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, which are usually round,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Drop in Anchor.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor.
• Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor,Chemical Anchor. Also,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook

Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip. The rope-Protective Horse Rubber Boots.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots.High Neck Bell Boots For Horse.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Horse Rubber Bell Boots, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Horse Rubber Parts.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Custom Rubber Gaskets.Rubber Dust Cover.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Gear Shift Lever Boot. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Auto Rubber Engine Mounting.Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Automotive Rubber Bushings.

The Future

Stabilizer Rubber Bushing,Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings's fastest-growing fiber.Rubber Bushing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Automotive Rubber Parts, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Silicone Rubber Rollers. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Rubber Coated Rollers, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.