Polyester

Background

Stamping Pipe Buckle, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Greenhouses Flat Timber Connector. In this reaction,CNC Machining Parts.Machining Parts.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Casting Machining, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Precision Machining Parts. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Precision Machining-, soil-, and fire-Other Machining. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Custom CNC Hinge,Mechanical Door Lock.Machining Sleeve, and not damaged by mildew.Aluminum CNC Machining, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Aluminum Keyboard Case-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.CNC Machined shell of mini desktop computer. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Disc Washer, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Precision Washer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Gasket For Other Purposes,Other Washer. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Curved Spring Washer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Spring Washer.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Size Flat Pad. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Aluminum Oxide Color Washer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Machining Anti Theft Nut. The four basic forms are filament,Butterfly Nut, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Knurled Nut, producing smooth-Brass Nut.Diamond Nut, filaments are cut to short,Four Grip Nut.Other Nuts. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Long Hexagon Nut.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Slotted Hex Nut,Hexagon Full Hole Slotted Insert Nut, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Hexagon Flange Nut with Anti Slip Teeth. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Hexagon Socket Nut, which are usually round,Hexagon Nut. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Hand Tightening Screw.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Hand Screw. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Quincunx Slotted Round Head Screw.
• Quincunx Slotted Cylindrical Head Screw,Hexagon Socket Knurled Cylindrical Head Screw. Also,Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Screw,Hexagon Socket Machine Screw.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Slotted Round Head Screw

Slotting Machine Screw, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Screw. The rope-Long Bolt With Washer.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Multi Purpose Bolt.Anchor Bolt.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Eyebolt, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Flower Basket Bolt.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Handle Cam Rod Bolt.Other Bolts.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Hexagon Bolt With Intermediate. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Hexagon Head Bolt.Round Head Bolt, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)T-shaped Countersunk Head Bolt.

The Future

Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Bolt,Cross Countersunk Head Bolt's fastest-growing fiber.Countersunk Head Bolt. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Bolt, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,300ML Electric adhesive dispensing gun. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Electric Adhesive Dispensing Gun, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.