Polyester

Background

Black Butyl Rubber Sheet, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Skirt Board Rubber. In this reaction,FDA Rubber Sheet.Food Grade Rubber Sheet.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Red Silicone Rubber Sheet, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.High Temperature Resistant Silicone Rubber Sheet. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Transparent Silicone Rubber Sheet-, soil-, and fire-High Temperature Resistant EPDM Rubber Sheet. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Cloth Inserted EPDM Rubber Sheet,High Quality Aging Resistant EPDM Rubber Sheet.FKM Rubber Sheet, and not damaged by mildew.High Temperature Resistant Viton Rubber Sheet, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Ozone Resistant Viton Rubber Sheet-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Abrasion Resistance Sheet Rubber. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Abrasion Resistance Rubber Sheet, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Mining Rubber Sheets. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Mining Rubber Products,Nitrile Rubber Sheet Supplier. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.NBR Rubber Sheet, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Black Oil Resistant NBR Rubber Sheet.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,SBR Rubber Sheet. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Industrial Black SBR Rubber Sheet.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Vulcanized SBR Rubber Sheet. The four basic forms are filament,Abrasion Resistant Red SBR Rubber Sheet, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Red SBR Rubber Sheet, producing smooth-Black SBR Rubber Sheet.Black SBR Cloth Insertion Rubber Sheet, filaments are cut to short,Groove Rubber Stable Mat.Hexagon Cow Stable Mat. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Diamond Rubber Mat.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Rubber Powder Cow Stable Mat,Hammer Groove Cow Stable Mat, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Rubber Flooring. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Checker Rubber Floor Mat, which are usually round,Rubber Floor Mat. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Skirt Board Rubber.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Skirt Board Rubber. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,FDA Rubber Sheet.
• FDA Rubber,High Temperature Resistant Silicone Rubber Sheet. Also,Silicone Rubber,High Temperature Resistant EPDM Rubber Sheet.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

EPDM Rubber

High Temperature Resistant Viton Rubber Sheet, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,FKM Rubber Sheeting. The rope-NR Rubber Sheet.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Mining Rubber Products.Mining Rubber Sheets.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Abrasion Resistance Rubber Sheet, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Black Oil Resistant NBR Rubber Sheet.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Black Nitrile Rubber Sheet.NBR Rubber.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Black SBR Cloth Insertion Rubber Sheet. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Red SBR Rubber Sheet.Vulcanized SBR Rubber Sheet, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Industrial Black SBR Rubber Sheet.

The Future

SBR Rubber Sheet,SBR Rubber's fastest-growing fiber.Syringe Injector. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,concrete repair injection, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,epoxy injection packer. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Steel Mechanical Injection Packer, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.