Polyester

Background

Hollow Wall Anchor, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail. In this reaction,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Coupling Nut. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling-, soil-, and fire-Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling, and not damaged by mildew.Drop in Anchor, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Chemical Anchor. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Protective Horse Rubber Boots.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots. The four basic forms are filament,High Neck Bell Boots For Horse, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Horse Rubber Bell Boots, producing smooth-Horse Rubber Parts.Custom Rubber Gaskets, filaments are cut to short,Rubber Dust Cover.Gear Shift Lever Boot. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Auto Rubber Engine Mounting.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting,Automotive Rubber Bushings, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Stabilizer Rubber Bushing. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings, which are usually round,Rubber Bushing. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Automotive Rubber Parts.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Silicone Rubber Rollers. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Rubber Coated Rollers.
• Non-Slip Rubber Feet,Anti Abrasion Rubber Bumpers. Also,Rubber Bumpers,Square Rubber Grommets.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Custom Molded Rubber Parts

Compression Molding Custom Rubber Parts, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Extrusion Molding Custom Rubber Parts. The rope-Custom Neoprene Rubber Products.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Custom Rubber Parts Anti-Slip Handle Grip.EPDM Rubber Sheets.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Rubber Parts, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Custom Rubber Parts.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Color Plexiglass Sheet For Making Furnitures.Transparent Plexiglass Sheet For LED Display.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Plexiglass Sheet. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Pure Raw Materials Color Extruded Acrylic Sheet.Extruded Acrylic Sheet, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Transparent PMMA Sheet For Making Face Shields.

The Future

White Color PMMA Plastic Sheet For Making Bathtub,Color PMMA Sheet's fastest-growing fiber.Color Cast Acrylic Sheet For Making Luminous Characters. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Red Color Cast Acrylic Sheet, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Grade A Color Cast Acrylic Sheet. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Color Cast Acrylic Sheet, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.