Polyester

Background

Blue PVC Layflat Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose. In this reaction,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.Oxygen Acetylene Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Welding Gas Hose-, soil-, and fire-Grey PVC Suction Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Green PVC Suction Hose,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose.Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose, and not damaged by mildew.PVC Suction Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,PVC Spring Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. The four basic forms are filament,PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Sunny Layflat Hose, producing smooth-C19400.nickel silver alloy, filaments are cut to short,silver points.Steel rivets. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Aluminum rivets.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-copper rivets,AgCdO Bimetal rivet, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,AgCdO contact. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.CNC Parts, which are usually round,CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,CuBe2 Beryllium Copper.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,C17200 Beryllium Copper.
• Beryllium Copper,CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip. Also,C51900 Bronze Strip,C51000 Bronze Strip.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

CuSn5 Phosphor Bronze Strip

C5100 Bronze Strip, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,C28000 Brass Strip. The rope-H63 Brass Strip Coil.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-C27000 CuZn35 Brass.H65 Brass Strip Coil.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,C26000 CuZn30 Brass Strip, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).H80 Brass Strip Coil.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)C22000 CuZn10 Brass Strip.C22000 Brass Strip.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Brass Strip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)C75200 Copper Nickel Zinc Strip.C7701 C7521 Nickel Silver Strip, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Copper Nickel Zinc.

The Future

Nickel Silver Strip,Nickel Plated Copper Strip's fastest-growing fiber.PCB Copper. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Copper Clad, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Silver Onlay Brass Strip. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Silver Onlay, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.