Polyester

Background

Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella. In this reaction,Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas.Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Folding Manual Open Umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Folding Umbrella-, soil-, and fire-Natural Cork Composition Sheets. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets,Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks.Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock, and not damaged by mildew.Black Windmill Wall Hook, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Quartz Decorative Wall Clock, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock,Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Fall-wood and Metal Crafts, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Bird House Spring Wood Planter.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers. The four basic forms are filament,Vintage Look Cabinet, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Cabinet with 6 Drawers, producing smooth-Furniture.Metal Planter Tray With Handles, filaments are cut to short,Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor.Metal Planter. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Rectangular MDF Wood Planter.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Square Mdf Wood Planter,Geometric Wood Planter, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Graphite PTFE Yarn, which are usually round,Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,ASME Spiral Wound Gasket. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,glass-to-glass.
• Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets,Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets. Also,Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket,Kynol Fiber Packing.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

graphite gasket

Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbonized Fiber Packing. The rope-graphite gasket.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-teflon ring gasket.Corrugated Graphite Tapes.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Braided Graphite Tube, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).PTFE Joint Sealant.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Joint Sealant Flange Gasket.Expanded PTFE Products.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,eptfe. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)ptfe joint sealant tape.Graphite Packing With PTFE Impregnated, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Corrugated Graphite Tapes.

The Future

CGFO Packing,Kynol Fiber Packing's fastest-growing fiber.Standard Spiral Wound Gasket. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Spiral Wound Gaskets. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.CGFO Packing, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.