Polyester

Background

Dehumidification Drying Feeder, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Dehumidifier. In this reaction,Low Speed Granulators.Low Noise Granulators.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Screw Color Mixer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.European Type Hopper Dryers. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Dehumidifier-, soil-, and fire-Central Material Handling System. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine,NZK Vacuum Dryer.Hopper Dryer, and not damaged by mildew.Low Noise Plastic Granulator, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Strong Granulators-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Middle Speed Plastic Granulator. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Color Dose Mixer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Central Conveying System,Central Chiller -Single. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Water Cooled Chillers, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,One Piece Complete Autoloader. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Detachable Type Autoloader.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Cabinet Dryer. The four basic forms are filament,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, producing smooth-Dehumidifying and Drying System.Dehumidification Drying Feeder, filaments are cut to short,Dehumidifier.Low Speed Granulators. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Middle Speed Granulators.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Strong Granulators,Vertical Color Mixer, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Central Conveying System. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Mixer, which are usually round,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Central Chiller Dual Machine. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine.
• TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller,Heating and Cooling. Also,Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders,Detachable Type Autoloader.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

European Type Hopper Dryers

Dehumidification Drying Feeder, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Dehumidifying and Drying System. The rope-Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Cabinet Dryer.Central Material Handling System.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).European Type Hopper Dryer.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Hot Air Dryer.HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Hopper Dryer. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Dehumidifying and Drying.Manganese Gluconate, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Copper Gluconate.

The Future

Zinc Gluconate,Magnesium Gluconate's fastest-growing fiber.Potassium Gluconate. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Magnesium Lactate, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Zinc Lactate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Ferrous Lactate, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.