Polyester

Background

Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,PVC Clear Hose. In this reaction,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose.Non-kink PVC Garden Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Home PVC Garden Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Flexible PVC Garden Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose-, soil-, and fire-PVC Garden Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Torsion Free Garden Hose,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.Clear PVC Braided Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,PVC Lay Flat Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose,Gas Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Oxygen Acetylene Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Vinyl Tubing. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Welding Gas Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.PVC Suction Hose Pipe. The four basic forms are filament,Grey PVC Suction Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose, producing smooth-Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose.Pneumatic PVC Air Hose, filaments are cut to short,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose.Green PVC Garden Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.All-weather PVC Garden Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Reinforced Braided PVC Hose,PVC Braided Hose Pipe, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,PVC Nylon Braided Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose, which are usually round,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.
• General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. Also,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Oxygen Acetylene Hose

Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing. The rope-Welding Gas Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Grey PVC Suction Hose.Green PVC Suction Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)PVC Suction Hose.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)PVC Thunder Hose Pipe.PVC Spring Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.

The Future

FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose,Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose's fastest-growing fiber.High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Blue PVC Layflat Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.