Polyester

Background

Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella. In this reaction,Folding Manual Open Umbrella.Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Folding Umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Natural Cork Composition Sheets. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets-, soil-, and fire-Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock,Black Windmill Wall Hook.Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks, and not damaged by mildew.Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Quartz Decorative Wall Clock-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Fall-wood and Metal Crafts,Bird House Spring Wood Planter. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Vintage Look Cabinet.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Cabinet with 6 Drawers. The four basic forms are filament,Furniture, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Metal Planter Tray With Handles, producing smooth-Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor.Metal Planter, filaments are cut to short,Rectangular MDF Wood Planter.Square Mdf Wood Planter. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Geometric Wood Planter.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter,Graphite PTFE Yarn, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners, which are usually round,ASME Spiral Wound Gasket. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,glass-to-glass.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets.
• Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket,Kynol Fiber Packing. Also,graphite gasket,Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Carbonized Fiber Packing

graphite gasket, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,teflon ring gasket. The rope-Corrugated Graphite Tapes.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Braided Graphite Tube.PTFE Joint Sealant.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Joint Sealant Flange Gasket, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Expanded PTFE Products.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)eptfe.ptfe joint sealant tape.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Graphite Packing With PTFE Impregnated. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Corrugated Graphite Tapes.CGFO Packing, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Kynol Fiber Packing.

The Future

Standard Spiral Wound Gasket,Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets's fastest-growing fiber.Spiral Wound Gaskets. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,CGFO Packing, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Graphite Die Formed Rings. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Graphite Die-formed Rings, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.