Polyester

Background

Hopper Dryer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Low Noise Plastic Granulator. In this reaction,Strong Granulators.Middle Speed Plastic Granulator.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Color Dose Mixer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Central Conveying System-, soil-, and fire-Central Chiller -Single. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Water Cooled Chillers,Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based.One Piece Complete Autoloader, and not damaged by mildew.Detachable Type Autoloader, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Cabinet Dryer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Dehumidifying and Drying System. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Dehumidification Drying Feeder,Dehumidifier. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Low Speed Granulators, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Middle Speed Granulators.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Strong Granulators. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Vertical Color Mixer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Central Conveying System. The four basic forms are filament,Mixer, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, producing smooth-Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.Central Chiller Dual Machine, filaments are cut to short,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine.TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Heating and Cooling.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders,Detachable Type Autoloader, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,European Type Hopper Dryers. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Dehumidification Drying Feeder, which are usually round,Dehumidifying and Drying System. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Cabinet Dryer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Central Material Handling System.
• Dehumidifying and Drying Machine,European Type Hopper Dryer. Also,Hot Air Dryer,HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Hopper Dryer

Dehumidifying and Drying, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Manganese Gluconate. The rope-Copper Gluconate.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Zinc Gluconate.Magnesium Gluconate.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Potassium Gluconate, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Magnesium Lactate.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Zinc Lactate.Ferrous Lactate.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Potassium Citrate. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Calcium Citrate.Ferric Sulphate, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Magnesium Chloride.

The Future

Calcium Chloride,Magnesium Carbonate's fastest-growing fiber.Minerals. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Freshener Blends, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Solidification Stabilizer Blends. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Defoamer Blends, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.