Polyester

Background

Vinyl Tubing, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Welding Gas Hose. In this reaction,PVC Suction Hose Pipe.Grey PVC Suction Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Pneumatic PVC Air Hose-, soil-, and fire-Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Green PVC Garden Hose,All-weather PVC Garden Hose.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, and not damaged by mildew.PVC Braided Hose Pipe, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,PVC Nylon Braided Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose,PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Oxygen Acetylene Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing, producing smooth-Welding Gas Hose.Grey PVC Suction Hose, filaments are cut to short,Green PVC Suction Hose.Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-PVC Suction Hose,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.PVC Thunder Hose Pipe, which are usually round,PVC Spring Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.
• High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. Also,PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose

Sunny Layflat Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,C19400. The rope-nickel silver alloy.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-silver points.Steel rivets.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Aluminum rivets, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).copper rivets.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)AgCdO Bimetal rivet.AgCdO contact.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,CNC Parts. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip.CuBe2 Beryllium Copper, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip.

The Future

C17200 Beryllium Copper,Beryllium Copper's fastest-growing fiber.CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,C51900 Bronze Strip, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,C51000 Bronze Strip. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.CuSn5 Phosphor Bronze Strip, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.