Polyester

Background

Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook. In this reaction,Hollow Wall Anchor.Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes-, soil-, and fire-Coupling Nut. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, and not damaged by mildew.Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Drop in Anchor. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor,Chemical Anchor. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip. The four basic forms are filament,Protective Horse Rubber Boots, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots, producing smooth-High Neck Bell Boots For Horse.Horse Rubber Bell Boots, filaments are cut to short,Horse Rubber Parts.Custom Rubber Gaskets. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Rubber Dust Cover.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Gear Shift Lever Boot,Auto Rubber Engine Mounting, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Automotive Rubber Bushings, which are usually round,Stabilizer Rubber Bushing. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Rubber Bushing. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Automotive Rubber Parts.
• Silicone Rubber Rollers,Rubber Coated Rollers. Also,Non-Slip Rubber Feet,Anti Abrasion Rubber Bumpers.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Rubber Bumpers

Square Rubber Grommets, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Custom Molded Rubber Parts. The rope-Compression Molding Custom Rubber Parts.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Extrusion Molding Custom Rubber Parts.Custom Neoprene Rubber Products.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Custom Rubber Parts Anti-Slip Handle Grip, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).EPDM Rubber Sheets.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Rubber Parts.Custom Rubber Parts.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Color Plexiglass Sheet For Making Furnitures. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Transparent Plexiglass Sheet For LED Display.Plexiglass Sheet, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Pure Raw Materials Color Extruded Acrylic Sheet.

The Future

Extruded Acrylic Sheet,Transparent PMMA Sheet For Making Face Shields's fastest-growing fiber.White Color PMMA Plastic Sheet For Making Bathtub. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Color PMMA Sheet, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Color Cast Acrylic Sheet For Making Luminous Characters. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Red Color Cast Acrylic Sheet, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.